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The need to compete in the structure of an economy as globally connected to each other, along with the need to ensure the sustainability of the residents’ welfare prompts the countries and cities to consider new technologies and innovative approaches. This motivation, as well as the complexity and speed of change brought in by these technologies and approaches, imposes pressure on the ecosystem stakeholders that develop traditional silo solutions, thus introducing the need to handle urban solutions holistically and systematically. For meeting this need, Smart City approach comes as a solution, with the assurance that the expectations are met and the problems are solved with the future projections based on the data and speciality of interoperable systems developed through the inter-stakeholder collaboration.
More clearly, what is aimed with the Smart City is:
Smart City does not describe a static approach to the future of cities. But rather, it tackles the innovative use of technology and data, along with organizational change, which has the ability to guide the delivery of different dynamic city visions under more effective, productive and sustainable ways for future cities.
In other words, it is aimed to transform the traditional governance method followed by cities. The traditional governance model of a city is based on functionally oriented service providers that generally work as vertical silos that are not built around user needs and do not work in collaboration. Smart Cities need to develop new operating models that promote innovation and collaboration among these vertical silos. In this case, the residents and the business world are obliged to communicate with each silo separately instead of receiving an uninterrupted and connected service that meets their needs.
However, data and expertise remain within these silos, limiting the potential for collaboration and innovation within the city general and the potential for data and expertise to increase the city’s pace of change. Smart City has come to the forefront as an approach that evaluates this potential and gained importance not only in our country but also across the world. Efforts in the field of Smart City have gained momentum to create better-living spaces, as well as building cities that add value to life.
Describing the term “Smart City” is the primary step in terms of addressing the Smart City studies. In the preparatory studies for the 2020-2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan, the definitions of Smart City that are within various studies as oriented to this need have been reviewed:
The Smart City is the effective integration of physical, digital and human systems into a structured environment to provide a sustainable, prosperous and inclusive future to Ecosystem assets.
(PAS 180, 2014)
The Smart City is a city that adopts an approach to solve public problems with ICT based solutions based on multi-stakeholder, municipality-oriented stakeholdership.
(Avrupa Parlamentosu, 2014)
It is a new concept and a new model, which applies the new generation of information technologies, such as the internet of things, cloud computing, big data and space/geographical information integration, to facilitate the planning, construction, management and smart services of cities.
(ISO, 2014)
The smart and sustainable city, while considering the economic, social, environmental and cultural needs of current and future generations on one side, it is also recognized as an innovative city that uses information and communication technologies and other tools to increase the quality of life, efficiency and competitiveness of city service provision.
(ITU, 2016)
It has been understood that there is no common definition of the term “Smart City”, and that this definition is formed as per the needs for which the required solutions are sought. Within the scope of the 2020-2023 National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan, the term “Smart City” has been described as follows:
